In a study of the websites of 391 sampled employers, searched from 24 October to 9 November 2023, about four months after New York City’s Local Law 144 took effect, investigators found 18 bias-audit reports and 13 transparency notices; among the 267 employers then listing jobs in New York City the counts were 14 and 12. The employers were drawn from those that hire Cornell graduates and from top internship providers, and because employers decide for themselves whether the law covers their tools, the counts are not a violation rate.

SocioLens project,

Claim LD12-HQ-C06 (v1.1)

Provenance and status

Claim type: Fact
Publication status: Eligible for publication
Verification state: Checked against the primary source. Who checked this claim is not recorded for it; claim checks so far were AI-led, and no person has checked claims against their sources.
Does not license: A non-compliance rate or AEDT bias prevalence
Limitations: One search window, about four months after the law took effect; the sample was drawn from employers that hire Cornell graduates and from internship providers, so it does not represent NYC employers; investigators did not apply for jobs, so notices given only to applicants were not seen; employer scope classification; NYC only
Source (as cited): Wright et al., Null Compliance, FAccT 2024
Source type: Peer-reviewed conference paper (recorded as “Peer-reviewed article”)
Institutional position: Independent academic
Maturity of the evidence: Mature evidence
Recorded date: 22 October 2026
Currentness / correction: This is the current version. No correction or concern is recorded on its sources.

Sources this version cites

Wright et al., “Null Compliance,” FAccT 2024 (Peer-reviewed conference paper)
Read the original

Version

This page shows version v1.1. Its record never changes, even when newer evidence arrives; the site may add a note to the page or withhold a figure not cleared for public use.

This pinned version is also the current version.

Versions: v1.0, v1.1 · current

What changed in this version

This version supersedes version v1.0 (LD12-HQ-C06--v1.0), which stays available with its record unchanged.

Changed fields: 2 PUBLIC-FACING CLAIM; 9 SCOPE; 11 SAMPLE / DATASET; 14 MAIN RESULT; 18 LIMITATIONS; 25 RECORDED DATE
What changed: The claim no longer calls the sample “391 NYC employers”. It now says the study searched the websites of 391 sampled employers, of which 267 were listing jobs in New York City at the time; gives the counts for those 267 (14 audit reports and 12 transparency notices) beside the counts for all 391 (18 and 13, unchanged); gives the search dates (24 October to 9 November 2023) instead of “2023–24”; and says the employers were drawn from those that hire Cornell graduates and from top internship providers. The limitations now say that the sample does not represent NYC employers and that notices given only to applicants could not be seen. The source, the claim type, the maturity and the verification state are unchanged.
Why: An external research-integrity review of the site on 22 October 2026 (an AI reviewer, not a person) found that “391 NYC employers” misstates the sample. SocioLens then read the arXiv version of the paper (arXiv:2406.01399 v1, the FAccT ’24 text). Its §5 says the 391 were “a random sample” from a list of 511 employers that had hired graduates of Cornell’s classes of 2021 and 2022, appeared in the authors’ pilot study or were top internship providers, and that students collected the data “from October 24 through November 9, 2023”; footnote 13 says the method “could not observe transparency notices that were only supplied after someone applies”. Table 1 and §6.1 report 267 employers listing NYC jobs (14 audit reports, 12 transparency notices) and 124 not listing NYC jobs (4 and 1), 391 in all (18 and 13), and say “only 11 employers published both”. The figures for all 391 in version 1.0 were right; its description of who the 391 were was not. The check and this revision were done by an AI agent reading the paper, not by a person.

Raw record: every recorded field, with its coded values

All 25 canonical Claim fields, verbatim, with the coded values derived from them. The plain-language labels above are read from these.

Claim type (coded): FACT (as printed: “FACT”)
Publication status (coded): ELIGIBLE (as printed: “ELIGIBLE”)
Verification state (coded): CONTENT_VERIFIED_PRIMARY
Source type (coded): PEER_REVIEWED_CONFERENCE_PAPER
Maturity (coded): MATURE

#	Canonical field	Canonical value (verbatim)	Normalized (Claim Value Vocabulary v1.0.2)
1	CLAIM ID	LD12-HQ-C06	—
2	PUBLIC-FACING CLAIM	In a study of the websites of 391 sampled employers, searched from 24 October to 9 November 2023, about four months after New York City’s Local Law 144 took effect, investigators found 18 bias-audit reports and 13 transparency notices; among the 267 employers then listing jobs in New York City the counts were 14 and 12. The employers were drawn from those that hire Cornell graduates and from top internship providers, and because employers decide for themselves whether the law covers their tools, the counts are not a violation rate.	—
3	CLAIM TYPE	FACT	base_types: FACT
4	RESEARCH STRAND	B/C/E — Compliance / rights / audit infrastructure	—
5	MATURITY	MATURE	states: MATURE
6	SOURCE	Wright et al., Null Compliance, FAccT 2024	source_ids: SRC-LD12-WRIGHT-NULL-COMPLIANCE-2024
7	SOURCE TYPE	Peer-reviewed article	classes: PEER_REVIEWED_CONFERENCE_PAPER
8	INSTITUTIONAL POSITION	Independent academic	—
9	SCOPE	NYC Local Law 144; employer websites searched 24 October to 9 November 2023	—
10	DESIGN	Observational audit	—
11	SAMPLE / DATASET	391 employers, a random sample of 511 that had hired Cornell graduates of 2021–2022, appeared in a pilot study or were top US internship providers (after excluding those far from NYC or outside the US); 267 were listing NYC jobs at the time of the search; searched by 155 student investigators	—
12	MODEL / TOOL / VERSION	AEDTs unspecified	—
13	COMPARATOR	Visible audit/notice presence	—
14	MAIN RESULT	All 391 employers: 18 audit reports and 13 transparency notices; the 267 listing NYC jobs: 14 audit reports and 12 transparency notices; 11 employers published both (Table 1 and §6.1); low accessibility and substantial scope discretion	—
15	INFERENTIAL TARGET	Proceduralization and visible compliance	—
16	DOES NOT LICENSE	A non-compliance rate or AEDT bias prevalence	—
17	VERIFICATION STATE	CONTENT VERIFIED	state: CONTENT_VERIFIED_PRIMARY · verified_by: UNKNOWN
18	LIMITATIONS	One search window, about four months after the law took effect; the sample was drawn from employers that hire Cornell graduates and from internship providers, so it does not represent NYC employers; investigators did not apply for jobs, so notices given only to applicants were not seen; employer scope classification; NYC only	—
19	CONTRADICTORY / SUPPORTING SOURCES	NYS Comptroller later documents weak enforcement	—
20	GEOGRAPHY / LANGUAGE	US-NYC / English	—
21	DISTRIBUTIONAL LEDGER	Job-seekers bear disclosure-search burden; group outcomes not established	—
22	R01 / FIELD-MAP LINKS	D6.2, D4b, D2, L-A	—
23	WHAT WOULD CHANGE THIS CLAIM?	Regulator-linked replication or later compliance series	—
24	PUBLICATION STATUS	ELIGIBLE	state: ELIGIBLE
25	RECORDED DATE	2026-10-22	—

Field 22 references resolved against Field Map v0.2: D6.2 (SUB_AREA); D4b (SUB_AREA); D2 (DOMAIN); L-A (LENS)

The sources as recorded, with their record IDs and coded source types:

Pinned Sources (field 6, version-specific)

“Wright et al., Null Compliance, FAccT 2024” → Wright et al. (2024), “Null Compliance” (SRC-LD12-WRIGHT-NULL-COMPLIANCE-2024--v1.0) — Wright et al., “Null Compliance,” FAccT 2024; class PEER_REVIEWED_CONFERENCE_PAPER (explicit public provenance pin)

Cite this page

SocioLens project. (2026, October 22). In a study of the websites of 391 sampled employers, searched from 24 October to 9 November 2023, about four months after New York City’s Local Law 144 took effect, investigators found 18 bias-audit reports and 13 transparency notices; among the 267 employers then listing jobs in New York City the counts were 14 and 12. The employers were drawn from those that hire Cornell graduates and from top internship providers, and because employers decide for themselves whether the law covers their tools, the counts are not a violation rate [Claim LD12-HQ-C06, version v1.1]. SocioLens. https://sociolens.eu/claims/ld12-hq-c06/v1.1/

@misc{sociolens_ld12_hq_c06_v1_1,
  author = {{SocioLens project}},
  title = {In a study of the websites of 391 sampled employers, searched from 24 October to 9 November 2023, about four months after New York City’s Local Law 144 took effect, investigators found 18 bias-audit reports and 13 transparency notices; among the 267 employers then listing jobs in New York City the counts were 14 and 12. The employers were drawn from those that hire Cornell graduates and from top internship providers, and because employers decide for themselves whether the law covers their tools, the counts are not a violation rate.},
  year = {2026},
  date = {2026-10-22},
  howpublished = {\url{https://sociolens.eu/claims/ld12-hq-c06/v1.1/}},
  note = {Claim LD12-HQ-C06, version v1.1}
}

The link points to this version, whose record never changes. For a finding, cite the original study as well: SocioLens summarizes research and does not replace it.

Research-of-record provenance

Materialized by sociolens-materializer 0.6.0 at 2026-09-28T20:00:00.000Z; normalization contract SocioLens — Claim Value Vocabulary v1.0.2 — Pre-Spike Materialization Contract (v1.0.2). Content seal SHA-256 a59540de2308399e275015687b729e0f05d1d59061b7900fbb68788203158e54.

Frozen Drive-derived inputs

SocioLens — Proof Source Registry v0.4 (v0.4) — Drive ID 1_-GLmj6PfetWDQH2KldMv-61vmSmzdAyyxgZZZCFnbE; revision: NOT_EXPOSED_BY_DRIVE_TEXT_EXPORT; Drive modified 2026-09-27T19:04:00.374Z; block “REGISTRY ENTRY SRC-LD12-WRIGHT-NULL-COMPLIANCE-2024” SHA-256 41745af7e42bff59205f9d5dc709322c2d3011145ac13a6f5ff2c40f94a7bd3a; SocioLens — Programme Status & Authority Register v0.6 status “CURRENT PROOF SOURCE REGISTRY.”; frozen fixture fixtures/frozen/proof-source-registry-v0.4.

Repository-authored inputs (not Drive exports)

SocioLens claim revision — LD12-HQ-C06 v1.1 (v1.1) — written in the SocioLens repository by Project Lead (Claude, AI) on 2026-10-22; no Drive identity exists. Authority: AGENTS.md "Authority" (the Project Lead decides research content within the research-integrity rules) and docs/PROJECT.md "Research revisions" (a published claim changes only through a new version that states what changed and why). Block “ENTRY 06 — LD12-HQ-C06” SHA-256 5f92e331eaf30c34261e6877fc678da0004dd0d963807bf0eec503b997008860; fixture fixtures/authored/claim-revisions/LD12-HQ-C06--v1.1.

Builder decisions (not Drive data)

VERSION = v1.1 — basis: Claim version taken from the repository-authored revision fixture version (SocioLens claim revision — LD12-HQ-C06 v1.1); a new version of LD12-HQ-C06 v1.0, which stays routable (AGENTS.md research integrity rule 3)
CURRENT_POINTER = true — basis: repository-authored revision "SocioLens claim revision — LD12-HQ-C06 v1.1" (Project Lead (Claude, AI), 2026-10-22); basis: AGENTS.md "Authority" (the Project Lead decides research content within the research-integrity rules) and docs/PROJECT.md "Research revisions" (a published claim changes only through a new version that states what changed and why)
FIELD_6_SOURCE_REFERENCE = SRC-LD12-WRIGHT-NULL-COMPLIANCE-2024--v1.0 — basis: field 6 of ENTRY 06 — LD12-HQ-C06 cites "Wright et al., Null Compliance, FAccT 2024"; the field-6 text of this ClaimVersion's repository-authored ledger block; the same Source record LD12-HQ-C06 v1.0 cites.
SOURCE_PROVENANCE_PIN = SRC-LD12-WRIGHT-NULL-COMPLIANCE-2024--v1.0 — basis: explicit version-pinned public provenance of this ClaimVersion (Amendment v1.2 §6): the pinned field-6 Source record "Wright et al., Null Compliance, FAccT 2024".