Comparing 15,881 human–ChatGPT dialogues with 10,784 human–human dialogues, Mitiaeva and Xiao report “a consistent dissociation: AI produces the surface features of cooperative communication without the underlying social architecture”; for example, hedging and softening that go with more accommodation between people go with less alignment when the AI produces them.

SocioLens project,

Claim LD01-SL-C26 (v1.0)

Provenance and status

Claim type: Estimate and Interpretation
Publication status: Eligible for publication, with qualifiers: preprint
Verification state: Checked against the primary source; the source is a preprint. Who checked this claim is not recorded for it; claim checks so far were AI-led, and no person has checked claims against their sources.
Does not license: A clean comparison; the two corpora differ in topic, roles and genre as well as in partner
Limitations: Read in arXiv version 1 (18 September 2026); the PDF states acceptance at HICSS-60; the proceedings version was not compared; GPT models only; the authors say their measure cannot separate voluntary from structurally imposed matching; one author works for a company that sells AI products
Source (as cited): Mitiaeva & Xiao, “Talking past the machine: morality, politeness, and alignment in human–AI dialogue,” arXiv:2609.21401, 2026
Source type: Preprint (recorded as “Preprint”)
Institutional position: Mixed: industry (Amazon) and independent academic (Arizona State University)
Maturity of the evidence: Emerging evidence
Recorded date: 16 October 2026
Currentness / correction: This is the current version. No correction or concern is recorded on its sources.

Sources this version cites

Mitiaeva & Xiao, “Talking past the machine: morality, politeness, and alignment in human–AI dialogue,” arXiv:2609.21401, 2026 (Preprint)
Read the original

Version

This is the current version, v1.0. Earlier versions stay available, and their records never change.

Versions: v1.0 · current

Raw record: every recorded field, with its coded values

All 25 canonical Claim fields, verbatim, with the coded values derived from them. The plain-language labels above are read from these.

Claim type (coded): ESTIMATE + INTERPRETATION (as printed: “ESTIMATE / INTERPRETATION”)
Publication status (coded): ELIGIBLE (PREPRINT) (as printed: “ELIGIBLE WITH PREPRINT QUALIFIER”)
Verification state (coded): CONTENT_VERIFIED_PRIMARY (PREPRINT)
Source type (coded): PREPRINT
Maturity (coded): EMERGING

#	Canonical field	Canonical value (verbatim)	Normalized (Claim Value Vocabulary v1.0.2)
1	CLAIM ID	LD01-SL-C26	—
2	PUBLIC-FACING CLAIM	Comparing 15,881 human–ChatGPT dialogues with 10,784 human–human dialogues, Mitiaeva and Xiao report “a consistent dissociation: AI produces the surface features of cooperative communication without the underlying social architecture”; for example, hedging and softening that go with more accommodation between people go with less alignment when the AI produces them.	—
3	CLAIM TYPE	ESTIMATE / INTERPRETATION	base_types: ESTIMATE, INTERPRETATION
4	RESEARCH STRAND	B — Evidence that could tell the accounts apart	—
5	MATURITY	EMERGING	states: EMERGING
6	SOURCE	Mitiaeva & Xiao, “Talking past the machine: morality, politeness, and alignment in human–AI dialogue,” arXiv:2609.21401, 2026	source_ids: SRC-SL-MITIAEVA-XIAO-ARXIV-2609-21401
7	SOURCE TYPE	Preprint	classes: PREPRINT
8	INSTITUTIONAL POSITION	Mixed: industry (Amazon) and independent academic (Arizona State University)	—
9	SCOPE	English-language dialogues; human–ChatGPT logs (WildChat) and human–human conversations (Topical-Chat)	—
10	DESIGN	Mixed-effects models of turn-to-turn alignment, with measures of moral content and politeness	—
11	SAMPLE / DATASET	15,881 human–AI and 10,784 human–human dialogues	—
12	MODEL / TOOL / VERSION	GPT-3.5, GPT-4, GPT-4o-family and GPT-4.1 Mini models behind ChatGPT	—
13	COMPARATOR	Human–human dialogue	—
14	MAIN RESULT	Surface features of cooperation without the same social dynamics; linguistic convergence declines over the conversation	—
15	INFERENTIAL TARGET	Whether human–AI dialogue follows the dynamics of human cooperation	—
16	DOES NOT LICENSE	A clean comparison; the two corpora differ in topic, roles and genre as well as in partner	—
17	VERIFICATION STATE	CONTENT VERIFIED PREPRINT	state: CONTENT_VERIFIED_PRIMARY · qualifiers: PREPRINT · verified_by: UNKNOWN
18	LIMITATIONS	Read in arXiv version 1 (18 September 2026); the PDF states acceptance at HICSS-60; the proceedings version was not compared; GPT models only; the authors say their measure cannot separate voluntary from structurally imposed matching; one author works for a company that sells AI products	—
19	CONTRADICTORY / SUPPORTING SOURCES	The account it bears on: LD01-SL-C08, LD01-SL-C09	—
20	GEOGRAPHY / LANGUAGE	Not applicable / English	—
21	DISTRIBUTIONAL LEDGER	Not analysed in this claim	—
22	R01 / FIELD-MAP LINKS	LD-01, T4, D8	—
23	WHAT WOULD CHANGE THIS CLAIM?	The same dissociation absent in a comparison matched on topic and roles	—
24	PUBLICATION STATUS	ELIGIBLE WITH PREPRINT QUALIFIER	state: ELIGIBLE · qualifiers: PREPRINT
25	RECORDED DATE	2026-10-16	—

Field 22 references resolved against Field Map v0.2: LD-01 (LIVING_DEBATE); T4 (TENSION); D8 (DOMAIN)

The sources as recorded, with their record IDs and coded source types:

Pinned Sources (field 6, version-specific)

“Mitiaeva & Xiao, “Talking past the machine: morality, politeness, and alignment in human–AI dialogue,” arXiv:2609.21401, 2026” → Mitiaeva & Xiao (2026), “Talking past the machine…” (SRC-SL-MITIAEVA-XIAO-ARXIV-2609-21401--v1.0) — Mitiaeva & Xiao, “Talking past the machine: morality, politeness, and alignment in human–AI dialogue,” arXiv:2609.21401, 2026; class PREPRINT (explicit public provenance pin)

Cited by Living Debate versions

What kind of thing is generative AI, and does the answer predict anything? (v0.1) LD-01

Cite this page

SocioLens project. (2026, October 16). Comparing 15,881 human–ChatGPT dialogues with 10,784 human–human dialogues, Mitiaeva and Xiao report “a consistent dissociation: AI produces the surface features of cooperative communication without the underlying social architecture”; for example, hedging and softening that go with more accommodation between people go with less alignment when the AI produces them [Claim LD01-SL-C26, version v1.0]. SocioLens. https://sociolens-web.pages.dev/claims/ld01-sl-c26/v1.0/

@misc{sociolens_ld01_sl_c26_v1_0,
  author = {{SocioLens project}},
  title = {Comparing 15,881 human–ChatGPT dialogues with 10,784 human–human dialogues, Mitiaeva and Xiao report “a consistent dissociation: AI produces the surface features of cooperative communication without the underlying social architecture”; for example, hedging and softening that go with more accommodation between people go with less alignment when the AI produces them.},
  year = {2026},
  date = {2026-10-16},
  howpublished = {\url{https://sociolens-web.pages.dev/claims/ld01-sl-c26/v1.0/}},
  note = {Claim LD01-SL-C26, version v1.0}
}

The link points to this version, whose record never changes. For a finding, cite the original study as well: SocioLens summarizes research and does not replace it.

Research-of-record provenance

Materialized by sociolens-materializer 0.6.0 at 2026-09-28T20:00:00.000Z; normalization contract SocioLens — Claim Value Vocabulary v1.0.2 — Pre-Spike Materialization Contract (v1.0.2). Content seal SHA-256 9402ea37e260db8e1642f783a3e42f1692c49075d47221e54515cd8d815ae344.

Repository-authored inputs (not Drive exports)

SocioLens claim — LD01-SL-C26 v1.0 (v1.0) — written in the SocioLens repository by Project Lead (Claude, AI) on 2026-10-16; no Drive identity exists. Authority: AGENTS.md "Authority" (the Project Lead decides research content within the research-integrity rules) and the Owner's choice in the SocioLens project chat on 16 October 2026 to build the LD-01 debate; a new Claim, first version, written from the project's LD-01 source notes, checked against full texts, official web pages or official abstracts. Block “ENTRY 26 — LD01-SL-C26” SHA-256 d670907416fc7cd7032b06295e9fa39b52ed1b34d13aeba55bd57f423aafe380; fixture fixtures/authored/claims/LD01-SL-C26--v1.0.

Builder decisions (not Drive data)

VERSION = v1.0 — basis: Claim version taken from the repository-authored claim fixture version (SocioLens claim — LD01-SL-C26 v1.0); the first version of a new Claim of the LD-01 debate
CURRENT_POINTER = true — basis: repository-authored claim "SocioLens claim — LD01-SL-C26 v1.0" (Project Lead (Claude, AI), 2026-10-16); basis: AGENTS.md "Authority" (the Project Lead decides research content within the research-integrity rules) and the Owner's choice in the SocioLens project chat on 16 October 2026 to build the LD-01 debate; a new Claim, first version, written from the project's LD-01 source notes, checked against full texts, official web pages or official abstracts
FIELD_6_SOURCE_REFERENCE = SRC-SL-MITIAEVA-XIAO-ARXIV-2609-21401--v1.0 — basis: field 6 of ENTRY 26 — LD01-SL-C26 cites "Mitiaeva & Xiao, “Talking past the machine: morality, politeness, and alignment in human–AI dialogue,” arXiv:2609.21401, 2026"; the only field-6 segment of this ClaimVersion's repository-authored ledger block.
SOURCE_PROVENANCE_PIN = SRC-SL-MITIAEVA-XIAO-ARXIV-2609-21401--v1.0 — basis: explicit version-pinned public provenance of this ClaimVersion (Amendment v1.2 §6): the pinned field-6 Source record "Mitiaeva & Xiao, “Talking past the machine: morality, politeness, and alignment in human–AI dialogue,” arXiv:2609.21401, 2026".